1. The kidneys produce the following hormone responsible for the production of red blood cells:
2. white blood cells in the urine
3. inflammation of the renal pelvis
4. hormone synthesized and released by the adrenal cortex; causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium
5. total urine output less than 50 mL in 24 hours
6. total urine output less than 500 mL in 24 hours
7. tuft of capillaries forming part of the nephron through which filtration occurs
8. volume of plasma that the kidneys can clear of a specific solute (eg, creatinine); expressed in milliliters per minute
9. recurring or persistent excretion of glucose in the urine
10. movement of a substance from the blood in the peritubular capillaries or vasa recta into the kidney tubule
11. backward flow of urine from the urethra into the bladder
12. It is a noninvasive method of measuring urine volume in the bladder. It may be indicated for urinary frequency, inability to void after removal of an indwelling urinary catheter, measurement of postvoiding residual urine volume, inability to void postoperatively, or assessment of the need catheterization during the initial stages of an intermittent training program
13. It is a noninvasive procedure that uses sound waves passed into the body through a transducer to detect abnormalities of internal tissues and organs. Abnormalities such as fluid accumulation, masses, congenital malformations, changes in organ size, and obstructions can be identified. During the test, the lower abdomen and genitalia may need to be exposed. Ultrasonography requires a full bladder; therefore,fluid intake should be encouraged before the procedure.Because of its sensitivity, ultrasonography has replaced manyother tests as the initial diagnostic procedure
14. It's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product.
15. The organs of the urinary system include the following EXCEPT:
16. These circular muscles help keep urine from leaking by closing tightly like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder
17. It is bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma that can be organ- and/or life-threatening and that often leads to renal scarring. The bacteria in these cases have usually ascended from the lower urinary tract but may also reach the kidney via the bloodstream.
18. It is repeated bouts of acute pyelonephritis
19. It is type of urinary incontinence that refers to the involuntary loss of urine due to extrinsic medical factors, predominantly medications. One such example is the use of alpha-adrenergic agents to decrease blood pressure
20. It is type of urinary incontinence which involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of sneezing, coughing,or changing position
21. It is type of urinary incontinence which encompasses several types of urinary incontinence, is involuntary leakage associated with urgency and also with exertion, effort, sneezing,or coughing
22. Refers to inability to empty the bladder completely during attempts to void.